Spanish citizens can invoke diplomatic protection (patrimonial responsibility) when they are wrongfully damaged by another State Internationally-Tribunal Supreme-15/07/2021

Spanish citizens have the right to diplomatic protection by the national Administration, for compensation for the damages caused by an illegal act, in accordance with to International Law, caused directly by another State; as long as the injured party himself has not been able to obtain reparation through the internal law mechanisms of the State producing the damage, provided that they are established and it is reasonable to obtain an express ruling in a reasonable time